HIP AND KNEE PROTHESIS
What is Total Knee Replacement?
Total knee prostheses (String platinum fitting) are artificial joints constructed by encasing the worn joint sides in materials made of metal and polyethylene, together with unique components intended for painless joint mobility.
Who is Total Knee Replacement?
Due to knee cartilage damage, patients whose daily activities like climbing stairs are severely restricted and the joint cartilage is more damaged must walk with total knee prostheses. Total knee prostheses are applied in patients whose daily life activities such as climbing stairs are severely restricted and the joint cartilage is more damaged. Although it is ideal for patients to be between the ages of 60 and 80, prostheses can occasionally be created for patients who are younger due to conditions like osteonecrosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
How is Total Knee Replacement?
Depending on the patient's age and general health, a general anesthetic or the necessary regional anesthesia is administered from the waist, and an incision is created in front of the knee to access the knee joint. The damaged cartilage tissue of the femur, tibia, and patella is combined with a thin layer of bone, and the selected prosthetic components are then attached to the prepared bone surfaces using a material called bone cement (polymethyl methacrylate). In order to recoat the joint faces, components made of metal and plastic are used. One to two hours pass during the procedure. Postoperative pain is managed with pumps that deliver medication intravenously or as an epidural (placed at the waist). The next day, knee movements and standing up are started.
What should I expect after Total Knee Replacement Surgery?
Over 90% of patients who get complete knee replacement experience a dramatic decrease in knee discomfort and a significant improvement in daily activities like walking and climbing stairs. You will be able to use a support to walk inside the house after your hospital release. Each patient's recovery time varies, but it usually takes 4 to 8 weeks before you can walk down the street unaided. After a total knee replacement, it is not recommended to engage in sports that call for heavy lifting, running, or leaping because these activities will reduce the lifespan of the prosthesis. You can engage in non-mandatory sports including walking, golfing, and swimming. Operating a vehicle is not problematic.
Your surgeon will perform surgery to rectify any curvature or abnormalities in your leg, which will increase the lifespan of your knee prosthesis. However, this range of motion is restricted, particularly in people who are overweight. After a knee replacement, it is frequently impossible to squat or kneel on the ground to pray because the usual range of motion is only about 115 degrees. Though recent years have seen the application of methods and designs that expand knee range of motion, it may be uncomfortable for patients to sit under their feet and sit for the long-term life of the knee prosthesis.
Can magnetic resonance imaging (MR) be performed after Total Knee Replacement?
Chromium cobalt alloy, an MR compatible metal, is used to make the majority of contemporary total knee prosthesis. There is no issue with the MR of another region, even though the tissues in the neighborhood around the knee cannot be seen. It is appropriate to talk to your doctor about the brand or metal alloy for MR compatibility if you had a knee prosthesis fitted before 1990.
How many years does the Total Knee Replacement last?
The friction that happens during movement causes the metal and plastic components of the total knee prosthesis to deteriorate over time. The body's reaction to the metal and plastic components of the knee prosthesis, which are exposed to wear and are minute and invisible, can cause the parts to come free and separate from the bone to which they are attached. Today, knee prosthesis can last up to 15-20 years if they are created utilizing proper surgical methods and contemporary prosthetic designs.
In the majority of patients, the relaxed knee prostheses can be taken out and replaced during a second operation, however the second prosthesis' lifespan is less than the first one. Even if you have no concerns, it is still advisable to examine your knee prosthesis with routine exams and x-ray tests in order to pinpoint issues like wear and relaxation. When to schedule a checkup will be communicated by your doctor..
What complications can be seen?
A very small percentage of complete knee replacement surgeries result in serious problems. The most frequent issue is a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) brought on by the sluggish blood flow in your leg. After the procedure, blood-thinning medications are used as a prophylactic measure. If more time is required, the treatment can last up to 20 days. This risk can be decreased by beginning knee motion and walking as soon as possible after surgery, as well as by avoiding immobility. Infection, or inflammation of the prosthesis, ranges between 0.1 percent and 2 percent after complete knee replacement. This risk may be increased by infections in other parts of the body (such as the urinary system or teeth), diabetes, and other chronic disorders. Prior to surgery, infections that could develop elsewhere in the body must be treated. During surgery, preventative antibiotic therapy is administered, and the risk of infection is decreased by taking extra precautions. A whole knee prosthesis infection may require repeated surgeries, removal of the prosthesis for antibiotic therapy, and re-installation after a predetermined amount of time. Aside from the aforementioned, issues include poor wound healing, vascular or nerve damage, dislocation of certain prosthetic components, fractures around the prosthesis, and fractures in the prosthesis itself are extremely uncommon.
What should be done to prevent infection after total knee replacement?
Even if it is low, there is a chance that bloodborne germs will find their way to your knee prosthesis, where they may settle and spread infection. In the first two years following prosthesis surgery, you should absolutely take antibiotics before any dental or urinary tract procedures. An appropriate antibiotic should be taken an hour prior to treatments including tooth extraction, stone cleaning, and root canal therapy to prevent infection. For advice on the appropriate antibiotic dosage and duration, speak with your orthopedic surgeon. Additionally, you should take good care of your feet and let your orthopedic doctor know if you see any symptoms of nail or foot infections.
What is a total hip replacement?
When the hip joint is significantly deteriorated, a total hip replacement is performed to replace the calcified joint with an artificial joint. The titanium or cobalt chromium main components of the hip prosthesis are joined by plastic, metal, or ceramic spacers. There are two ways the hip replacement can be fastened to the bone. Bone cement is used to secure prostheses to the bone in patients with inadequate bone density. Cemented hip replacement is the name given to this kind of prosthesis.When used on younger patients with healthy bone density, prostheses covered in a porous material are inserted into the bone extremely tightly before the body's own bone grows through the pores and stabilizes it. The term "cementless hip replacement" refers to this kind of prosthesis..
Who is the Total Hip Replacement?
Hip prostheses are used in individuals who have suffered serious damage from hip joint arthritis, hip dislocation, fracture, or vascularization disease if other treatment options (drugs, physical therapy, intra-articular injections, cane use) are unsuccessful in alleviating their symptoms. The best option for treating severe discomfort, movement restrictions, and shortness that interfere with daily activities is a hip prosthesis. Though individuals over 60 years old are preferred, younger ones might also be treated when necessary (such as with rheumatoid arthritis). Today, smaller incisions and the hip circumference can be achieved by caring for soft tissues as opposed to earlier attempts that involved larger incisions and damage to significant muscle groups.This made it easier for people to resume their normal lives after surgery. The length of the hospital stay has been reduced as a result of advancements in post-operative pain management.
What does Total Hip Replacement make?
Most patients experience total relief from hip pain following hip replacement surgery, and activities of daily living like walking and climbing stairs significantly improve. Leg shortening of 2 to 3 cm can be eliminated. After getting prostheses, it is not advisable to engage in activities like running, jumping, or hard labor. These will accelerate the prosthesis' premature wear. Crossing your legs when sitting in low chairs is inappropriate, especially in the first six months after receiving a prosthesis.. For the rest of your life, you shouldn't sit on the floor table or the Turkish toilet. Such uncontrollable movements might cause the hip joint to dislocate, necessitating many surgeries. For the rest of your life, you shouldn't sit on the floor table or the Turkish toilet. Such uncontrollable movements might cause the hip joint to dislocate, necessitating many surgeries. You must sit in the chair if you want to pray. Six to eight weeks after surgery, you can resume driving; however, the hip joint shouldn't be bent too far while you're behind the wheel. You will learn more about this from your doctor. While you are lying down for six weeks, a pillow should be placed between your legs..For hip designs that are brand-new and feature huge head structures, some of these limitations might not be applicable. Six weeks after having surgery for a prosthesis, you can engage in sports like swimming, golf, walking, and exercising on a bike. Sports like tennis, football, and basketball are inappropriate.
Does Total Hip Replacement have a lifetime?
The friction that happens during movement causes the components of the complete hip replacement to deteriorate over time. The body's reaction to tiny bits of metal and plastic that are exposed to abrasion and remove prostheses from the bone they are attached to. Painful prosthesis relaxation results from this. Modern prosthetic designs and proper surgical procedures have increased the lifespan of hip prostheses to up to 15-20 years.With the recently developed hip prosthesis that have ceramic and metal interfaces, this time frame is anticipated to be longer. The life of the prosthesis will be shortened by excessive weight and repetitively difficult activities. In the majority of patients, the relaxed prostheses can be taken out and replaced during a second surgery, but this procedure is more challenging, necessitates the use of larger dentures, and the second prosthesis' lifespan is shorter than the first.
How will my Hip Replacement Surgery be?
General anesthesia or epidural (waist numb) anesthesia are both options for total hip prosthesis. The procedure lasts about two hours. After surgery, pain management techniques including epidural or intravenous pain pumps are employed. For the blood you lost during and after the operation, blood might be supplied through the vein. A V-shaped pillow can be positioned between your legs for the first few days. Once sober, breathing exercises are started. The next day after the procedure, you will stand up. Using a walker or crutches, you can go limited distances. Use toilet riser devices in both the hospital and at home because it is improper to sit in low positions. In accordance with your doctor's recommendations, you might need to refrain from using your operated leg fully for a while. The length of the hospital stay is 3 to 7 days. It's crucial that you follow the at-home workout regimen given to you after discharge. You might need to take blood-thinning drugs for a while after leaving the hospital to avoid developing blood clots on your legs.
Avoid after surgery !!
What complications can happen after a total hip replacement?
A very small percentage of total hip replacement surgeries result in serious problems. The most frequent issue is a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) brought on by the sluggish blood flow in your leg. After surgery, protective care is given using blood-thinning medications to avoid this. If more time is required, the treatment can last up to 20 days. Starting to walk as soon as possible after surgery and avoiding being still will lower this danger.Varicose sock use is beneficial. Infection, or inflammation of the prosthesis, is seen between 0.1 percent and 1.5 percent of the time after total hip replacement. This risk may be raised by infections in other parts of the body (such as the teeth or urinary system), diabetes, and other chronic illnesses. Prior to surgery, infections that could develop elsewhere in the body must be treated. During surgery, preventative antibiotic therapy is administered, and the risk of infection is decreased by taking extra precautions.Repetitive operations, treatments, such as removing the prosthesis and replacing it after a particular amount of time, may be required if an infection forms in the hip prosthesis. Displacement of the prosthesis happens after complete hip replacement in about 5-8 percent of cases. It's crucial to refrain from making certain motions, especially in the first six weeks following surgery. Dislocation rates have dropped compared to prior years due to improvements in surgical methods and prosthetic design. During the procedure, specific steps are done to remove leg height disparities. To preserve the hip's soft tissue balance and lower the danger of dislocations, it may occasionally be required to stretch the legs. It poses no issues because the body will balance out any length discrepancies up to 2 cm. A height can be added to the shoe, if necessary, to remedy the issue. In addition to the aforementioned, difficulties may include issues with the prosthesis's ability to heal, vascular or nerve damage, dislocation of certain elements of the prosthetic, fractures near the prosthesis, and fractures within the prosthesis itself are very rare.
What should I do to prevent infection after total hip replacement?
Even if it is low, there is a chance that bloodborne pathogens will find their way to your hip prosthesis, where they may settle and spread infection. Within the first two years following hip replacement surgery, you should absolutely take antibiotics before any dental or urinary tract surgeries. An appropriate antibiotic should be taken an hour prior to treatments including tooth extraction, stone cleaning, and root canal therapy to prevent infection. For advice on the appropriate antibiotic dosage and duration, speak with your orthopedic surgeon. Additionally, you should take good care of your feet and let your orthopedic doctor know if you see any symptoms of nail or foot infections.
